What Is ACL Injury?
The anterior cruciate ligament helps control forward movement and rotation of the knee. It is commonly injured during pivoting, cutting, sudden deceleration or awkward landings.
Common Symptoms
- A pop or sudden shift at the time of injury
- Rapid swelling
- Difficulty continuing sports or weight bearing
- A sense of instability or giving way
- Loss of confidence with cutting or pivoting
How It Is Diagnosed
The history and knee examination are central to diagnosis. X-rays help rule out associated bone injury, and MRI is often used to assess the ACL and other structures such as the meniscus or cartilage.
Nonsurgical Treatment
Treatment begins with the diagnosis, symptom severity and your goals. Options may include:
- Initial swelling and motion management
- Physical therapy for strength and control
- Activity modification
- Bracing in selected cases
- Return-to-activity planning based on stability and goals
When Surgery May Be Considered
ACL reconstruction may be considered for active patients with symptomatic instability, those returning to pivoting sports, or people with associated injuries. The decision is individualized around age, activity demands, instability and associated damage.
This page provides general educational information. Symptoms can have more than one cause, and treatment recommendations should be based on an individual evaluation.