What Is Fractures?
Fractures range from small, stable cracks to displaced injuries involving a joint. Treatment depends on which bone is injured, whether the pieces are aligned, the condition of the skin and soft tissues, and the patient's overall health and activity needs.
Common Symptoms
- Pain after a fall, impact or twisting injury
- Swelling and bruising
- Difficulty using the injured arm or leg
- Tenderness directly over a bone
- Visible deformity in more severe injuries
How It Is Diagnosed
Most fractures are diagnosed with examination and X-rays. CT or other imaging may be used for complex injuries or fractures involving a joint.
Nonsurgical Treatment
Treatment begins with the diagnosis, symptom severity and your goals. Options may include:
- Splinting, casting or bracing for appropriate stable fractures
- Pain and swelling management
- Follow-up X-rays to monitor alignment and healing
- Progressive motion and rehabilitation when safe
- Activity restrictions while the bone heals
When Surgery May Be Considered
Surgery may be recommended when a fracture is unstable, significantly displaced, involves a joint surface, cannot be maintained in acceptable alignment, or has other features that make operative fixation the safer option.
This page provides general educational information. Symptoms can have more than one cause, and treatment recommendations should be based on an individual evaluation.